{"id":498,"date":"2023-02-26T15:50:27","date_gmt":"2023-02-26T15:50:27","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/learneurope.eu\/?p=498"},"modified":"2025-09-09T15:39:58","modified_gmt":"2025-09-09T15:39:58","slug":"the-marshall-plan","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/learneurope.eu\/es\/the-marshall-plan\/","title":{"rendered":"El Plan Marshall"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>[et_pb_section fb_built=&#8221;1&#8243; _builder_version=&#8221;4.19.5&#8243; _module_preset=&#8221;default&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221;][et_pb_row use_custom_gutter=&#8221;on&#8221; gutter_width=&#8221;1&#8243; make_equal=&#8221;on&#8221; padding_top_bottom_link_1=&#8221;true&#8221; padding_top_bottom_link_2=&#8221;false&#8221; padding_left_right_link_1=&#8221;true&#8221; _builder_version=&#8221;4.19.5&#8243; background_enable_color=&#8221;off&#8221; custom_margin=&#8221;||0px&#8221; custom_padding=&#8221;0|0px|0|0px|false|false&#8221; custom_width_px__hover=&#8221;1080px&#8221; custom_width_px__hover_enabled=&#8221;1080px&#8221; custom_width_percent__hover=&#8221;80%&#8221; custom_width_percent__hover_enabled=&#8221;80%&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221; make_fullwidth__hover=&#8221;off&#8221; make_fullwidth__hover_enabled=&#8221;off&#8221; use_custom_width__hover=&#8221;off&#8221; use_custom_width__hover_enabled=&#8221;off&#8221; width_unit__hover=&#8221;on&#8221; width_unit__hover_enabled=&#8221;on&#8221; use_custom_gutter__hover=&#8221;off&#8221; use_custom_gutter__hover_enabled=&#8221;off&#8221; gutter_width__hover=&#8221;3&#8243; gutter_width__hover_enabled=&#8221;3&#8243; make_equal__hover=&#8221;off&#8221; make_equal__hover_enabled=&#8221;off&#8221;][et_pb_column type=&#8221;4_4&#8243; _builder_version=&#8221;4.19.5&#8243; use_background_color_gradient=&#8221;on&#8221; background_color_gradient_stops=&#8221;rgba(42,46,64,0.71) 0%|rgba(42,46,64,0) 100%&#8221; background_color_gradient_overlays_image=&#8221;on&#8221; background_color_gradient_start=&#8221;rgba(42,46,64,0.71)&#8221; background_color_gradient_end=&#8221;rgba(42,46,64,0)&#8221; background_enable_image=&#8221;off&#8221; custom_padding=&#8221;||||true|true&#8221; custom_padding_tablet=&#8221;30px|30px|30px|30px|true|true&#8221; custom_padding_phone=&#8221;|||&#8221; custom_padding_last_edited=&#8221;off|desktop&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221; padding_phone=&#8221;|||&#8221; padding_tablet=&#8221;30px|30px|30px|30px|true|true&#8221; padding_last_edited=&#8221;on|phone&#8221; custom_padding__hover=&#8221;|||&#8221;][et_pb_blurb title=&#8221;SUBJECTS&#8221; content_max_width=&#8221;895px&#8221; _builder_version=&#8221;4.19.5&#8243; _module_preset=&#8221;default&#8221; header_level=&#8221;h1&#8243; header_font=&#8221;|700|||||||&#8221; header_text_align=&#8221;left&#8221; header_text_color=&#8221;#FFFFFF&#8221; header_font_size=&#8221;16px&#8221; header_line_height=&#8221;3em&#8221; background_image=&#8221;https:\/\/learneurope.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/02\/cabecera_temas.png&#8221; min_height=&#8221;200px&#8221; custom_padding=&#8221;60px||||false|false&#8221; custom_padding_tablet=&#8221;60px||||false|false&#8221; custom_padding_phone=&#8221;60px||||false|false&#8221; custom_padding_last_edited=&#8221;on|desktop&#8221; header_font_size_tablet=&#8221;16px&#8221; header_font_size_phone=&#8221;16px&#8221; header_font_size_last_edited=&#8221;on|desktop&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221;][\/et_pb_blurb][\/et_pb_column][\/et_pb_row][et_pb_row column_structure=&#8221;3_5,2_5&#8243; _builder_version=&#8221;4.19.5&#8243; _module_preset=&#8221;default&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221;][et_pb_column type=&#8221;3_5&#8243; _builder_version=&#8221;4.19.5&#8243; _module_preset=&#8221;default&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221;][et_pb_text _builder_version=&#8221;4.19.5&#8243; _module_preset=&#8221;default&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221;]<\/p>\n<h2>EL PLAN MARSHALL<\/h2>\n<p><a class=\"area\" href=\"#\">HISTORIA<\/a><\/p>\n<div class=\"contenidos_tema\">\n<ul>\n<li>\n<h3>Contenido<\/h3>\n<div class=\"contenidos_tema\">\n<ul>\n<li>Ante el sombr\u00edo panorama de la Europa de posguerra y las dificultades que encontraban los Estados europeos para hacer frente a los pagos de su deuda, en 1948, el Secretario de Estado estadounidense<span>\u00a0<\/span><strong>George Catlett Marshall<\/strong><span>\u00a0<\/span>lanz\u00f3 un ambicioso plan para ayudar a la recuperaci\u00f3n europea: el<span>\u00a0<\/span><strong>Programa Europeo de Recuperaci\u00f3n,<span>\u00a0<\/span><\/strong>m\u00e1s conocido como<span>\u00a0<\/span><strong>Plan Marshall.<\/strong><\/li>\n<li>Uno de sus objetivos era evitar que la econom\u00eda estadounidense cayera en recesi\u00f3n como consecuencia de los problemas asociados a la financiaci\u00f3n de los Estados europeos tras la Segunda Guerra Mundial y el riesgo de que \u00e9stos dejaran de pagar sus deudas a su principal acreedor: Estados Unidos.<\/li>\n<li>Otra de las razones para poner en marcha este plan fue la de poner freno a la creciente influencia del<span>\u00a0<\/span><strong>URSS<\/strong><span>\u00a0<\/span>dentro de Europa. Los pa\u00edses ocupados por la URSS o que cayeron bajo influencia sovi\u00e9tica se vieron obligados a renunciar a la ayuda estadounidense, aunque hubo una excepci\u00f3n, ya que Yugoslavia consigui\u00f3 participar en el programa. Espa\u00f1a y Finlandia se quedaron sin ayuda por haber colaborado con el r\u00e9gimen nazi.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<ul>\n<li>En 1948, la<span>\u00a0<\/span><strong>Organizaci\u00f3n Europea de Cooperaci\u00f3n Econ\u00f3mica<\/strong><span>\u00a0<\/span>(EOEC) se cre\u00f3 para gestionar estos fondos y se convirti\u00f3 en el<span>\u00a0<\/span><strong>Organizaci\u00f3n para la Cooperaci\u00f3n y el Desarrollo Econ\u00f3mico<span>\u00a0<\/span><\/strong>(OCDE) a partir de 1961.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div>\n<p>[\/et_pb_text][\/et_pb_column][et_pb_column type=&#8221;2_5&#8243; _builder_version=&#8221;4.19.5&#8243; _module_preset=&#8221;default&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221;][et_pb_text _builder_version=&#8221;4.20.2&#8243; _module_preset=&#8221;default&#8221; border_width_all=&#8221;1px&#8221; border_color_all=&#8221;rgba(175,206,51,0.51)&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221;]<\/p>\n<h3 id=\"debates\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/learneurope.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/02\/DocumentosGD-1.png\" width=\"42\" height=\"42\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-217 alignnone size-full\" \/> <strong>Documentos<\/strong><\/h3>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 40px;\"><span class=\"age\"><span style=\"color: #99cc00;\"><strong>&gt;15<\/strong><\/span> \u00a0<\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/learneurope.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/03\/Plan_Marshall._Lecciones_aprendidas_s_XXI.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">El Plan Marshall. Lecciones para el 21<sup>st<\/sup><span>\u00a0<\/span>siglo<\/a><span>\u00a0<\/span>(en)<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 40px;\"><span class=\"age\"><span style=\"color: #99cc00;\"><strong>&gt;15<\/strong><\/span>\u00a0 <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/learneurope.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/03\/Presentacin_Marshall_Plan.odp\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Presentaci\u00f3n sobre el Plan Marshall<\/a><span>\u00a0<\/span>(en)<\/p>\n<p>[\/et_pb_text][et_pb_text _builder_version=&#8221;4.20.2&#8243; _module_preset=&#8221;default&#8221; border_width_all=&#8221;1px&#8221; border_color_all=&#8221;rgba(175,206,51,0.51)&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221;]<\/p>\n<h3 id=\"debates\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/learneurope.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/02\/MapasGD-1.png\" width=\"42\" height=\"42\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-222 alignnone size-full\" \/> <strong>Mapas<\/strong><\/h3>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 40px;\"><span class=\"age\"><span style=\"color: #99cc00;\"><strong>&gt;15<\/strong><\/span>\u00a0 <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/learneurope.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/03\/Distribution_of_the_Marshall_Plan_funds_in_Europe_1948_1951_1_en-scaled.jpg\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Distribuci\u00f3n de los fondos del Plan Marshall en Europa, 1948 - 1951 I<\/a>.  Muestra el porcentaje de ayuda recibido por cada pa\u00eds.<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 40px;\"><span class=\"age\"><span style=\"color: #99cc00;\"><strong>&gt;15<\/strong><\/span>\u00a0 <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/learneurope.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/03\/Distribution_of_the_Marshall_Plan_funds_in_Europe_1948_1951_2_en-scaled.jpg\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Distribuci\u00f3n de los fondos del Plan Marshall en Europa, 1948 - 1951 II<\/a>. Muestra la cantidad de ayuda per c\u00e1pita recibida por cada pa\u00eds.<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 40px;\"><span class=\"age\"><span style=\"color: #99cc00;\"><strong>&gt;15<\/strong><\/span>\u00a0 <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/learneurope.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/03\/Members_of_the_OECD_en-scaled.jpg\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Miembros de la OCDE<\/a>. Mapa que muestra los miembros de la Organizaci\u00f3n para la Cooperaci\u00f3n y el Desarrollo Econ\u00f3mico por a\u00f1o de adhesi\u00f3n.<\/p>\n<p>[\/et_pb_text][et_pb_text _builder_version=&#8221;4.20.2&#8243; _module_preset=&#8221;default&#8221; border_width_all=&#8221;1px&#8221; border_color_all=&#8221;rgba(175,206,51,0.51)&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221;]<\/p>\n<h3 id=\"debates\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone wp-image-223\" src=\"https:\/\/learneurope.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/02\/VdeosGD-1.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"42\" height=\"42\" \/> <strong>V\u00eddeos<\/strong><\/h3>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 40px;\"><span class=\"age\"><span style=\"color: #99cc00;\"><strong>&gt;15<\/strong><\/span>\u00a0 <\/span><a href=\"http:\/\/www.rtve.es\/alacarta\/videos\/para-todos-la-2\/para-todos-2-debate-plan-marshall\/1683201\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">El Plan Marshall<\/a><span>\u00a0<\/span>(es, 23'16\")<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 40px;\"><span class=\"age\"><span style=\"color: #99cc00;\"><strong>&gt;15<\/strong><\/span>\u00a0 <\/span>Mr Marshall y yo. GFR (sector americano), 1949. 13\u2032<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 40px;\"><span class=\"age\"><span style=\"color: #99cc00;\"><strong>&gt;15<\/strong><\/span>\u00a0 <\/span>Europa. Dinamarca, 1991. 113'<\/p>\n<p>[\/et_pb_text][et_pb_text _builder_version=&#8221;4.20.2&#8243; _module_preset=&#8221;default&#8221; border_width_all=&#8221;1px&#8221; border_color_all=&#8221;rgba(175,206,51,0.51)&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221;]<\/p>\n<h3 id=\"debates\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/learneurope.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/02\/Imgenes_fotografasGD-1.png\" width=\"42\" height=\"42\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-220 alignnone size-full\" \/> <strong>Im\u00e1genes<\/strong><\/h3>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 40px;\"><span class=\"age\"><span style=\"color: #99cc00;\"><strong>&gt;15<\/strong><\/span>\u00a0 <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/learneurope.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/03\/GC_Marshall.gif\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">GC Marshall<\/a><span>\u00a0<\/span>(\u00a9 OCDE)<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 40px;\"><span class=\"age\"><span style=\"color: #99cc00;\"><strong>\u00a0<\/strong><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p>[\/et_pb_text][et_pb_text _builder_version=&#8221;4.20.2&#8243; _module_preset=&#8221;default&#8221; border_width_all=&#8221;1px&#8221; border_color_all=&#8221;rgba(175,206,51,0.51)&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221;]<\/p>\n<h3 id=\"debates\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone wp-image-218\" src=\"https:\/\/learneurope.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/02\/Enlaces-externosGD-1.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"42\" height=\"42\" \/> <strong>Enlace externo<\/strong><\/h3>\n<div id=\"main-content-container\" class=\"grid_24\">\n<div id=\"main-content-inner\">\n<div class=\"col2\">\n<div class=\"columna_lateral\">\n<div class=\"pin pin_resources_card\">\n<p style=\"padding-left: 40px;\"><span class=\"age\"><span style=\"color: #99cc00;\"><strong>12-15<\/strong><\/span>\u00a0 <\/span><a href=\"http:\/\/www.ducksters.com\/history\/world_war_ii\/ww2_recovery_marshall_plan.php\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Tras una explicaci\u00f3n sobre el Plan Marshall, hay un cuestionario para los alumnos<\/a><\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 40px;\"><span class=\"age\"><span style=\"color: #99cc00;\"><strong>&gt;15<\/strong><\/span>\u00a0 <\/span><a href=\"http:\/\/learningtogive.org\/lessons\/unit231\/lesson3.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Unidad did\u00e1ctica sobre el Plan Marshall<\/a><span>\u00a0<\/span>(en)<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 40px;\"><span class=\"age\"><span style=\"color: #99cc00;\"><strong>&gt;15<\/strong><\/span>\u00a0 <\/span><a href=\"http:\/\/transition.usaid.gov\/multimedia\/video\/marshall\/study.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Gu\u00eda did\u00e1ctica del Plan Marshall<\/a><span>\u00a0<\/span>(en)<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 40px;\"><span class=\"age\"><span style=\"color: #99cc00;\"><strong>&gt;15<\/strong><\/span>\u00a0 <\/span><a href=\"http:\/\/www.loc.gov\/exhibits\/marshall\/mars11.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Beneficios del Plan Marshall para la econom\u00eda estadounidense<span>\u00a0<\/span><\/a>(en)<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 40px;\"><span class=\"age\"><span style=\"color: #99cc00;\"><strong>&gt;15<\/strong><\/span>\u00a0 <\/span><a href=\"http:\/\/www.bbc.co.uk\/history\/british\/modern\/marshall_01.shtml\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">La mala gesti\u00f3n de la ayuda del Plan Marshall en el Reino Unido<\/a><span>\u00a0<\/span>(en)<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 40px;\"><span class=\"age\"><span style=\"color: #99cc00;\"><strong>&gt;15<\/strong><\/span>\u00a0 <\/span><a href=\"http:\/\/www.marshallfoundation.org\/about\/index.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Fundaci\u00f3n George C. Marshall<\/a><span>\u00a0<\/span>(en)<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<p><span class=\"age\"><span style=\"color: #99cc00;\"><strong><\/strong><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<p>[\/et_pb_text][et_pb_text _builder_version=&#8221;4.20.2&#8243; _module_preset=&#8221;default&#8221; border_width_all=&#8221;1px&#8221; border_color_all=&#8221;rgba(175,206,51,0.51)&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221;]<\/p>\n<h3 id=\"debates\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/learneurope.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/02\/GrficosGD-1.png\" width=\"42\" height=\"42\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-219 alignnone size-full\" \/> <strong>Gr\u00e1ficos<\/strong><\/h3>\n<div id=\"main-content-container\" class=\"grid_24\">\n<div id=\"main-content-inner\">\n<div class=\"col2\">\n<div class=\"columna_lateral\">\n<div class=\"pin pin_resources_card\">\n<p style=\"padding-left: 40px;\"><span class=\"age\"><span style=\"color: #99cc00;\"><strong>&gt;15<\/strong><\/span>\u00a0 <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/learneurope.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/03\/Distribution_of_MP_aid_en.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Distribuci\u00f3n de la ayuda del Plan Marshall por pa\u00edses (1948 - 1952)<\/a>. El cuadro tambi\u00e9n muestra el aumento del PIB entre 1949 y 1952 para cada pa\u00eds.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<p>[\/et_pb_text][\/et_pb_column][\/et_pb_row][\/et_pb_section]<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>THE MARSHALL PLAN HISTORY Contents Faced with the bleak panorama of post-war Europe and the difficulty that the European states encountered to meet their debt payments, in 1948, US Secretary of State\u00a0George Catlett Marshall\u00a0launched an ambitious plan to aid European recovery: the\u00a0European Recovery Programme,\u00a0better known as the\u00a0Marshall Plan. One of its objectives was to prevent [&hellip;]<\/p>","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_et_pb_use_builder":"on","_et_pb_old_content":"","_et_gb_content_width":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[24],"tags":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/learneurope.eu\/es\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/498"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/learneurope.eu\/es\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/learneurope.eu\/es\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/learneurope.eu\/es\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/learneurope.eu\/es\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=498"}],"version-history":[{"count":5,"href":"https:\/\/learneurope.eu\/es\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/498\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":943,"href":"https:\/\/learneurope.eu\/es\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/498\/revisions\/943"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/learneurope.eu\/es\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=498"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/learneurope.eu\/es\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=498"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/learneurope.eu\/es\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=498"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}